Dedicated to the quality of water

In the Environment Agency’s work, observation boreholes play a major part in monitoring both water quality and quantity

ENSURING THAT THE WATER supply is properly safeguarded is a major priority for the Environment Agency’s Groundwater and Contaminated Land team.

Not only are there threats from over-abstraction, but also from the migration of a wide spectrum of contaminants into the ground. These can arise from many sources—ranging from fertilisers, pesticides and industrial chemicals, to improperly disposed-of engine oil. And once these horrors find their way underground, they can travel considerable distances.

For this reason, monitoring the condition and level of the groundwater supply is an ongoing process.

To help facilitate this, across Wales alone, there are more than 100 observation boreholes, which are used to keep track of groundwater. This is not a new concept—some of these boreholes were constructed in the nineteenth century—but the number of holes is continually increasing:New legislation requires increasingly high standards of environmental care, and the borehole network is continually being extended.

Borehole construction is to strict standards: the demands of the EA are extremely high when it comes to creating new boreholes, and contracts are awarded against a tight specification. In particular, there must be no detrimental impact, and no contaminants introduced as a result of drilling activity.

Often, there is no published data on the geology of the land being drilled, and it is only when drilling is in progress that knowledge of the geology and hydrogeology is understood. The EA team works alongside the drilling contractor, and makes decisions on site as work proceeds.

Typically, boreholes are 200mm in diameter, and are likely to have a transducer installed to monitor the rise and fall of water levels. Nothing is taken for granted. To ensure that the automatic logging is functioning correctly and properly calibrated, the water level is physically measured from time to time with a dipper tape. Water is also pumped periodically to obtain samples for quality analysis.

The consequences of water pollution can be far reaching, and it is reassuring to know that the Environment Agency is policing this precious resource effectively.

WB&AD Morgan has worked on Environment Agency projects since 1985.


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